When these can only be identified at the assembly position of the circuit board. When printed circuit boards are assembled remotely from the manufacturing location of the end product, and the traceability of the circuit board or its components is an issue, printed circuit board assembly products are the inheritor of the scientific research trend. For the purpose, license terms were immediately established with electronic manufacturers, research institutions, and academic institutions in the relevant field.

From a technical perspective, the current "non thermal conductive" electronic label materials (such as thermal conductive PE, from thermal conductive PE to hard PE) use aluminum PE and aluminum PE materials. In recent years, China has continuously introduced international production capacity, service life, and prices comparable to foreign PE products, thus occupying a considerable market share.
In terms of technology, as the density and operating time of electronic devices increase, the environmental temperature inside electronic components changes, causing a change in the trend of operating temperature, thereby affecting the stability of the internal temperature of the entire electronic device.
The temperature characteristics of some passive components mainly include the ambient temperature, which is the main factor affecting the temperature characteristic curve of electronic components.
Similarly, the minimum value of temperature stability impact relative to the maximum fixed value should be ± 05 ° C – 100 ° C.

How to test it? Because it is based on the actual temperature itself. Due to temperature changes, it is the most traditional temperature compensation method for resistance temperature coefficient. Because the main temperature here is caused by the temperature increase of the resistance value.
Power is the main indicator for measuring resistance. Generally speaking, in theory, for resistors with a smaller temperature coefficient, the higher the average power of the resistor, the higher its efficiency. We need to understand this parameter. With the acquisition of testing standards in various countries, the demand for reference resistance values is gradually being announced. At present, the testing of various parameters of resistance is as follows.
Power=- System power (KW) × The power factor (K Ω) will affect all voltage indicators as follows.
Power factor (K Ω)=- System power (K Ω) × Power (K Ω)=Power (KW)=Power (W); Power (W)=Analog integrated circuit; Power factor (W)=equivalent circuit as shown in Figure (2-8).